AWD vs 4WD: Key Differences Explained
Equipped with enhanced traction and control, all-wheel drive (AWD) and four-wheel drive (4WD) are great choices for road trips. Although sometimes the two terms are used interchangeably, they are not the same. In fact, they are designed for different purposes.
AWD vs 4WD — what are the differences, and which one should you choose? This guide will illustrate all the specifics to help you decide. You can also learn the essential gear to pack for a smooth road trip. Let’s dive in now!
What is AWD?
Known as all-wheel drive, AWD is a vehicle drivetrain system that sends power to four wheels as needed automatically. AWD vehicles are easily adaptable, and can perfectly balance fuel economy and traction needs without driver intervention. The AWD system is great for everyday on-road driving in various weather conditions.
Generally, there are 4 types of AWD:
Full-time AWD: The AWD driving system always sends power to all four wheels.
Part-time AWD: Also known as on-demand AWD. It sends power to two wheels (front or rear) when the traction is lost. The vehicle system will engage other wheels for additional traction if needed.
Automatic AWD: The vehicle will automatically engage all four wheels when the system detects a loss of traction or slippery conditions.
Selectable AWD: Drivers can choose between 2WD and 4WD based on needs.
What is 4WD?
Four-wheel drive (4WD), also referred to as 4x4, is a drivetrain system that sends power to all four wheels via a transfer case. It distributes the torque between the front and rear axles first and splits the power to make each wheel move at the same pace. 4WD excels at challenging conditions like off-road driving or slippery surfaces.
You can find two major types of 4WD in the market:
Part-time 4WD: It requires the driver to engage and disengage the 4WD system, switching between 2WD and 4WD manually.
Full-time 4WD: The 4WD system is always engaged to offer constant traction in various conditions.
AWD vs 4WD: What’s the Difference?
While AWD and 4WD may seem similar, they are not the same. AWD vs 4WD — what are the key differences? Here are the major ones.
Purpose: The primary AWD vs 4WD difference lies in the application. While AWD is designed for various surfaces like wet, icy, or uneven terrain, 4WD is great for challenging terrains such as mud, rocks, and deep snow.
System Function: 4WD is often engaged manually by the driver with a button or lever, and AWD is generally automatic without driver selection.
Control: While AWD provides precise control through torque distribution, 4WD distributes power evenly between axles.
Availability: AWD vehicles are available on a wide selection of cars, crossovers, and SUVs; 4WD is mostly available on larger SUVs and trucks.
AWD vs 4WD: Which Should You Drive?
Now that you know the major AWD vs 4WD differences, which one should you choose? It depends on your lifestyle. Generally speaking, both systems can handle tough road conditions with enhanced control and traction.
If you mostly drive on plowed and gritted roads, AWD is the better choice. This makes AWD widely adopted in more urban locations. However, if you frequently navigate muddy roads or those with larger rocks, a vehicle with a higher towing capacity, like 4WD, is the right choice for you. 4WD is ideal for outdoor recreation and adventure, making it perfect for people who enjoy venturing off pavement.
Many people also want to know about AWD vs 4WD off road performance before making a decision. With increased grip, traction, and power, 4WD is considered the ideal choice for more challenging terrains or towing heavy loads. AWD, on the other hand, is better suited for light off-roading, providing improved traction. Overall, if you frequently drive in extreme conditions or need to handle demanding off-road situations, 4WD is the better option.
What Essentials Should You Pack in Your Vehicle?
When you're deciding between AWD and 4WD, chances are you’re planning something adventurous—like planning a camping trip or an off-road getaway. These vehicles are built to handle tough terrain, giving you the freedom to explore the wild without worry. So, if that’s your plan, the next question is: what should you pack in your car? Here’s a comprehensive list.
Emergency Supplies
First aid kit that contains Band-Aids, personal medications, antiseptic wipes, gauze, and adhesive tape.
Roadside emergency kit including jumper cables, a tire inflator, a tire jack, and a reflective warning triangle.
A compact and vehicle-safe fire extinguisher is a must.
Multi-tools or a Swiss Army knife for various needs.
Camping Gear
If you are venturing into remote areas and planning a camping trip with your 4WD vehicle, you might want to pack camping equipment into your car. Here are the essentials.
Shelter: A tent, sleeping bag, sleeping pad, and ground cloth.
Clothing: Weather-appropriate layers, hiking shoes, hats, sunglasses, extra socks, and underwear.
Cooking and food: A camping stove, fuel, cookware, eating utensils, an ice cooler, non-perishable food, and water bottles.
Power supplies: When going for a car camping, make sure to bring a portable power station for an enhanced experience. The EcoFlow DELTA 2 Max Portable Power Station is one of the best solutions for your electricity supply. It can charge a good variety of electronic devices, from your cellphones to cameras to coffee makers and more. You can also consider bringing a solar generator. By converting sunlight into usable electricity with solar panels, solar generators can keep your power supply running during outdoor adventures.
Lighting gear: Lanterns, flashlights, or headlights with higher lumen outputs.
Vehicle Maintenance
Spare Tire: Prepare a functional spare tire, especially for outdoor adventures in the wilderness.
Tire Pressure Gauge: For tire pressure checking.
Basic Tool Kit: Screwdrivers, wrenches, and pliers for quick repairs.
Oil and Fluids: Engine oil, coolant, windshield washer fluid.
Navigation and Communication
GPS devices or smartphones for navigation
Road maps for areas with limited signals
Convenience and Comfort
Trash bags, insect repellent, and sunscreen
Umbrella or poncho for unexpected weather
A warm blanket for cold weather
Several liters of bottled water
Non-perishable snacks for sustenance
Conclusion
If you have read this far, you should now have a basic understanding of AWD and 4WD, as well as the key differences between the two drivetrain systems. So, AWD vs 4WD: Which one is better? It depends on how you plan to use the vehicle and the driving conditions you encounter. No matter what you choose, don’t forget to pack essential gear in your vehicle so you can enjoy a more comfortable experience and prepare for any scenario that may arise.
FAQs
Which is better, 4WD or AWD?
It really depends on how and where you drive. AWD works well for daily use and performs reliably in rain, snow, or mixed road conditions, thanks to its improved traction and control. 4WD, however, is built to handle rougher environments like trails, mud, or steep inclines—perfect for off-roading, towing, or heavy-duty tasks.
What are the disadvantages of AWD?
AWD can handle limited off-road conditions only. They are not as robust as 4WD systems for demanding and rugged terrain. Some AWD systems do not support manual control over power distribution as 4WD does.In addition, AWD vehicles could take longer to accelerate and require greater stopping distances due to the extra weight of the system. Because of its complexity, it also costs much more to repair and maintain an AWD system.
Does AWD count as 4WD?
No, AWD cannot be considered the same as 4WD. While both systems send power from the engine to all four wheels, they differ in their applications, philosophies, and functionalities.
Is AWD better than 4WD in snow?
When it comes to AWD vs 4WD in snow, both systems are well suited for driving in snowy or icy weather. However, they primarily help with acceleration and do not improve braking performance. Having the right winter or snow tires is crucial for safe driving in snow.